Robert Frosts Analysis On Road Not Taken Essays - Tone, Robert Frost

Robert Frost's Analysis On Road Not Taken One of Frost's commonest subjects is the choice the poet is faced with two roads, two ideas, two possibilities of action. ?The Road Not Taken? deals with the choice between two roads, and with the results of the choice which the poet makes. It raises the evident question of whether it is better to choose a road in which many travel, or to choose the road less traveled and explore it yourself. In ?The Road Not Taken,? the speakers' tone and setting help illustrate the struggle a person goes through in their lives to pick the right road to travel. It is possible to read this poem as a statement of some self-pity on the poet's part, a feeling, perhaps, that he has been cheated and misunderstood because he took an unpopular path. To support this tone, one might point to the last stanza: The speaker will some day, sighing, tell others that he took the unknown road when faced with a choice. The reading, however, misses much of the significance of the second and third stanzas. At the end of the second, the speaker states that there was really not much difference in the two roads; neither had really been worn by traffic, though one had been given more wear than the other. It becomes obvious that the speaker's tone begins to change. It becomes a little more confident, not much, but definitely less confused and scared than he was earlier. The first glimpse of this change in tone is in the eighth verse where he says, ?because is [the second road] was grassy and wanted wear.? It also shows that the speaker may not want to be like everybody else, a follower, but instead, chose a different road and be himself, a leader. This verse also says that the road wanted wear, like he was drawn to the path, not just out of his own desire to be different, but maybe out of some pity. That pity being that the road is traveled less not because it is not appealing, but that people are too afraid to be different. Verse 12 is interesting when the speaker says that, ?In leaves no step had trodden black,? which the reader could interpret meaning that few people who did choose to take the road less traveled did not come across any difficulties or obstacles. He then goes on to say that, ?Oh, I kept the first for another day,? as to say that it took him a long time to make his decision. Actually, it may have been months or even years before the speaker chose a road. He knew that the decision he made would determine the outcome of his life, and that he would have to be devoted to the road he chose. Once he made this decision, he would probably never be able to turn back. In the third stanza, he says that both roads lay in leaves that no one had trampled down. In other words, both roads were in about the same condition; it is what the man does with his choice that makes the difference. The tone of the last stanza, then, is simply matter-of-fact rather than self-pitying. One cannot know, when he makes a choice, what the results of his decision will be. Rather than being sorry that he took the untravelled road, the poet seems to be saying that he would probably do the same thing again. The speakers tone seemed to have changed with confidence. This confidence, shown in verse eighteen, when the speaker repeats the first verse, except he leaves out the word yellow. Purposely leaving out the word yellow is an example of imagery. In the first stanza, yellow meant the color of the trees and foliage, and in the third stanza, they are no longer yellow. Also in the third stanza he says, ?I shall be telling this with a sigh somewhere ages and ages hence.? This isn't stated in a negative way, just as a way to portray the fact that he chose the right road. The sigh was to show that the road had not been easy. The setting in ?The Road Not Taken,? is very important. In the first verse of the first stanza, Frost says, ?Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,? which is seemingly a very important part of the poem. This line is a metaphor in which Frost uses woods to represent life. Using this as

Adjective Phrase Definition and Examples

Adjective Phrase Definition and Examples In English grammar, an adjective phrase is a group of words that functions as an adjective  in a sentence. An adjective headword may be accompanied by modifiers, determiners, and/or qualifiers  (all of which are called dependents). Also known as an  adjectival phrase.   Adjective phrases modify nouns. They may be attributive (appearing before the noun) or predicative (appearing after a linking verb), but not all adjectives can be used in both positions. Examples and Observations The prototypical adjective phrase consists of a single adjective, tall in Sally is tall, or an adjective headword and a qualifier, very tall. Even taller than the woman who coaches her volleyball team is more elaborate, but because it can substitute for the single adjective tall (Sally is even  taller than the woman who coaches her volleyball team), you can recognize it as an adjective phrase.(Thomas P. Klammer et al., Analyzing English Grammar, 5th ed. Pearson, 2007)Humans can be fairly ridiculous animals.(Barbara Kingsolver, Animal, Vegetable, Miracle: A Year of Food Life, 2007)The unicorn blinked and swished its tail and  looked fairly ridiculous  on the folding tabletop.(Steven R. Boyett, Elegy Beach, 2009)  Tina lost her dark brown briefcase.Mr. Sweet was a tall, thinnish man with thick kinky hair going dead white.  He  was dark brown, his eyes were very squinty and sort of bluish, and he chewed Brown Mule tobacco.(Alice Walker, To Hell With Dying, 1967)After Dons ac cident, his behavior grew stranger and stranger. You  want a second opinion? O.K.  says the doctor. Youre ugly, too.  She liked that joke. She thought  it was terribly, terribly funny.(Lorrie Moore, Youre Ugly, Too, 1990) Premodifiers, Postmodifiers, and Discontinuous Modifiers An adjective phrase consists of an adjective which may be preceded and/or followed by other words. The premodifier is always an adverb phrase, but the post-modifiers can be an adverb phrase, a prepositional phrase, or even a clause. It is also possible to have a modifier that is partly in front and partly behind the head, called a discontinuous modifier, abbreviated as disc-mod. (Marjolijn Verspoor and Kim Sauter, English Sentence Analysis: An Introductory Course. John Benjamins, 2000) Noun Phrases and Adjective Phrases There may be very little difference between a noun phrase and an adjective phrase in structures where the adjectives occur before the word it qualifies. Most noun phrases consist of a head noun plus one or more adjectives, or indeed an adjective phrase itself. Consider the examples in a, below. a. [ADJECTIVE PHRASES]It was cold, bleak, biting weather.Hes an extraordinary looking man, and yet I can really name nothing out of the way.In Beijing these days, one of the fastest-growing fortunes the world has ever seen is managed by fewer than two-dozen traders.This was a hearty, healthy, dapper, red-faced gentleman, with a shock of hair prematurely white, and a boisterous and decided manner. In each of these examples, if we include the italicized head nouns, we have noun phrases with embedded adjective phrases; without the head nouns, we have adjective phrases. The focus is always on the head word (HW). (Bernard ODwyer, Modern English Structures: Form, Function, and Position. Broadview, 2006) Phrases Within Phrases [C]onsider . . . our example: The young man picked the best bloom from the very delicate orchid. The sequence from the very delicate orchid is a prepositional phrase. The prepositional phrase consists of a noun phrase and a preposition. One can demonstrate that the sequence from the very delicate orchid is a coherent group of words by moving it as in: From the very delicate orchid the young man picked the best bloom. The word very is an intensifying adverb and it modifies delicate to form an adjective phrase within the noun phrase within the prepositional phrase. This phrase-within-a-phrase structure is shown by bracketing below: [The young man] picked the best bloom [from [the [very delicate] orchid]]. We could add very carefully to this sentence. Since carefully is an adverb and very is an intensifying adverb modifying it, very carefully would be an adverb phrase.(Barry J. Blake, All About Language. Oxford University Press, 2008)

What would be the impact of a world dominated by female political Essay

What would be the impact of a world dominated by female political leaders - Essay Example More importantly, the discipline of the political science, the study of the female leaders in such setting as in political grounds can adequately shade light not solely on gender or even leadership but also on the elites within politics in general. In a general sense, it can easily be understood how power is attained in particular contexts, which could even lead to more generalizable theories within the leadership setting in the world (Kassem, 2013). For instance, when the political experts evaluate and examine the factors that generally affect the male leaders they definitely discover that it is indeed quite difficult to isolate the impacts of the single variables or even in distinguishing a single factor from another one. In a few respects, the feminist analysis clearly enhances the understanding of the political leadership. The feminist perspectives generally paint an alternative view of women as the national leaders although it as well points to the larger lessons from the general study of leadership. In the recent past, the status of the women in the field of politics has captured the advanced imagination of the spectators around the world. From research, a little is known on the women politicians because much of it tends to focus mostly on the women in the legislative and not in the executive offices. A reason for that is directly related to greater success that the female leaders globally have been keen on obtaining the legislative slots as opposed to the executive (Krook, 2010). Nearly, over the last half century the women have significantly made advances in the labor force participation, education, and in the political activism throughout the world. The gender gaps however still are experienced in the low-income nations although they are quite smaller than in the previous decades. In the high and the middle-income countries, many of the gaps have consistently been reversed. Women have been found overtaking men in most areas of

Measuring the effectiveness of creative posters Literature review

Measuring the effectiveness of creative posters - Literature review Example According to Mogel (1993) advertising, ‘criers’ originated in Babylonia during 3000 BC. People would take come on to the street carrying their products and shouting louder about the merchandise. Later in 2200 BC, the development of hieroglyphics in Egypt gave way to paper and ink document used to interpret word and sound concept. Egypt further invented outdoor advertising carving public notices on stelae in 2000 BC (www.nonlineagency.com). If Egyptians were good at promoting Romans knew how to make a convincing sales pitch and early examples of advertising were found in the ruins of Pompeii. Advertising has been around for as long as there have been goods to sell and a medium to talk them up. The field of advertising took a giant step after the invention of printing press and movable type by Johannes Gutenberg, a German in 1447. In 1631, first classified newspaper ads were printed in France’s La Gazette by Renaudot which made him the first French journalist and th e inventor of personal ad (Tungate, 2007). Advertising further developed and flourished with the introduction of first English daily newspaper in 1702 and first newspaper advertising in the United States was carried out by Boston News-Letter in 1704. Advertising agencies began in early 1800 during the period when newspapers flourished (Mogel, 1993). Advertising, today, is a huge business making millions of dollars in profit and is not limited only to paper advertising but has expanded its horizon into radio, visual media and internet. This paper critically reviews various literatures in form of books, journals, articles, etc. on creative posters and to measure its effectiveness. Review of Literature Businesses rely on its marketing plan to promote their products which vary depending on their budget. No matter whatever the size of budget is, advertising is the key player in marketing plan because it makes the consumer aware of the product. Wells, Burnett and Moriarty (2007) mentioned that marketing is the way product is designed, tested, produced, branded, priced, distributed and promoted. Whereas advertising plans and decision making take place in the context of overall marketing strategy that includes statement of marketing objectives (Koekemoer and Bird, 2004). O’Guinn, Allen and Semenik (2008) mentioned that advertising is one of the primary tools available for marketing and is only one of the major areas of marketing responsibility. The marketing concepts suggest determining the customer needs and wants and then to develop, manufacture, market and service goods to fill those needs and wants (Wells, 2007). According to Saxena (2009) and Alozie (2009) advertising plays a significant role in awareness creation and attitude formation but has limited role in marketing strategy. Advertisement is the promotion of a company’s products and services through different mediums to increase the sales of the products and services. Advertising is further cla ssified into print, broadcast, outdoor, covert and public service (Management Study Guide, 2011). Out of home advertising further encompasses many advertising forms including outdoor (billboards and signs), transit (both inside and outside the vehicle), skywriting and variety of other media like public walls and furniture. According to OAAA (qtd. in Belch and Belch, 2003) total

Proper Diet and Lifestyle as Cancer Prevention Strategies Essay - 13

Proper Diet and Lifestyle as Cancer Prevention Strategies - Essay Example The present research has identified that the WHO asserted that around 30% of people dying from cancer do so because of these five behavioral and dietary risks: â€Å"high body mass index, low fruit, and vegetable intake, lack of physical activity, tobacco use, [and] alcohol use.† These risks are external factors that can be managed, which underline the importance of diet and physical activity to reducing cancer risks. Though results for the past few decades are mixed, an increasing number of studies showed that having the proper diet and lifestyle can prevent, or even cure, a number of chronic diseases, including different types of cancer. â€Å"Proper diet† refers to lower fat and red meat intake and higher vegetable and fruit consumption. Western diet, on the opposite, has been regarded as an unhealthy diet because it is usually high in the animal product, sugar, and fat consumption and low in dietary fiber, due to the prevalence of fast food and processed food consum ption. This Western diet has been correlated with higher cancer risks, including colon and breast cancers. Moreover, by â€Å"lifestyle,† this study pertains to the way that people live, including management of alcohol consumption and smoking practices, as well as physical activity levels, life satisfaction with interpersonal relationships, and sleeping habits. This research intends to know if there is a â€Å"proper† diet and lifestyle that may reduce cancer risks. It proposes that holistic healthy living can prevent cancer risks, especially for those who have high cancer risks due to their family history and genetic profiles. Holistic healthy living refers to a lifestyle that responds to various needs: nutrition, physical activity, sleep, and social relations. Moreover, by cancer, this proposal covers several cancers, although it recognizes that certain diets and lifestyles may be more effective for some kinds of cancers and that physical, genetic, and psychological variables can also impact, not only the successful (i.e. consistent and disciplined) adoption of healthy lifestyles and diets but also the effectiveness of a healthy living approach.

Role of a Software Developer

Role of a Software Developer Some people spend years of time knuckled down to study at the university campus, and hope to be able to find an ideal satisfactory work after graduation. However, when truly enter into society after they found difficult to get a good job, a large gap between the ideal and the reality. If you are seeking employment could not find a good job on the road, good attitude then adjust, modify their expectations, expand their circle of communication, so that you can get more information. We must first understand our strengths; know what is doing better, so we need from the grassroots level, step-by-step learning, progress, let our work be your career! The Merriam-Webster dictionary is defined as a sharp conflict of interests or perspectives of different views or objections. Whenever people work together, conflict is a part of doing business. The conflict is a normal and natural part of any workplace. When it occurs, there is a tendency to reduce the impact on morale and the increase of the rate of absenteeism and reduced productivity. It is estimated that managers spend at least 25% of the time to resolve work conflicts leading to lower office performance. 1. Jobs of the dreams Everyone is worth having a fun, and be able to bring a sense of accomplishment and rewards work; a use of the talent and ability to work a let us look forward to the work, a challenge themselves to reach higher achievement job. If you work now without enthusiasm, it is likely you do not know that they really want, or you have not found the inner courage and motivation to pursue your dreams. Personal Qualities Personal qualities are personal characteristics of an individual. They are what make up ones personality. They help a person get along in a new situation. For example, dependability and patience are qualities that employers would like a good worker to have. Other qualities employers value are: honesty, assertiveness, flexibility, problem solving, friendliness, intelligence, leadership, enthusiasm, and a good sense of humor. Software Engineering My dream job is Software Engineering, Software engineering (SE) is concerned with developing and maintaining software systems that behave reliably and efficiently, are affordable to develop and maintain, and satisfy all the requirements that customers have defined for them. It is important because of the impact of large, expensive software systems and the role of software in safety-critical applications. It integrates significant mathematics, computer science and practices whose origins are in engineering. Focus on usability and maintainability of the code: the software is always better, is a well-designed, user-centered work. Excellent engineers work hard to make the system simple and practical. They believe that the customers all the time do not try to create something puzzling, can only be understood and appreciated by lovers. A discipline engineers that from the first line of code maintainability and evolution. Expression method and variable names allows the code is not self-evid ent. 1.1.1 Qualities Every Software Engineer Should Have Foundation of knowledge: Basic knowledge refers to knowledge of programming language syntax, relies entirely on the theory of memory and understanding of the book. Discipline: Although you may work on your passion, this love does not mean your work and for the next project, you can be sloppy. The attention to detail is important, but the ability to stay organized. So much bad code belongs to the developers, who do not do what they know should be done. Logical thinking ability: Half from the books, half from programming practice. Work experience: Is the accumulation of work experience Certifications: The IEEE (The worlds largest professional association of the advancement of technology), offers two of certifications which is Certified Software Development Professional and which is Certified Software Development Associate, and this type of certified must get from NCEES Professional Engineer Exam start from 2013. Math skills: Take advanced math courses, such as calculus, as well as any computer courses your high school may offer. Curiosity: The best software engineers are curious why these things are done one way or another, but the ability of the objective solution. Many engineers, we know that got him into trouble, things for the children to consider, in addition to see how they work. Put together software is a creative, artistic hobby many software engineers. Need to think outside the box design, this creativity and curiosity. What made you go to your pleasure make some of the work. Attention to detail: If youre angry misspelled database columns, annotated code items are not checked in to the source code control software unit testing, unrealized functions, and so on, then you might try to avoid these problems, you. Faulty installation package, deployment of sloppy or misspelled column name, can reduce overall system. Obsessed with the details, you will become a software star in his own way. Development of high quality: In previous times, the engineers that the test is beneath them. Today, experienced engineers know and understand the value of the test, because their goal is to create a working system. Is the best way to expose the error code and the elimination of the stellar. But a good engineer knows not waste time writing trivial or redundant tests, rather than to focus on the important part of the test each component. 1.1.2) People can help us to acquire the information Customers Services: We can get the information from the Software Engineering Company. Online Searching: We can surf the web and find what we want to search for College Lecture: As we study in college, we can ask the information from the college lecture to get the information. List of questions of asking the people How to become a Software Engineer? What is the personal qualities that to be a Software Engineer? How can I get the course for this subject? How long I can be a Software Engineer? Where can I get this job? How do you think of this job? (Software Engineer) What is my play role on company How long I can be a Software Engineer? 2.0) Conflict The `source of an interpersonal conflict is the underlying reason for the emergence of conflict. Understanding and conceptually organizing the sources of conflict can greatly help improve the chances of resolving the conflict. Understanding human behavior can help reveal the motivations of individuals involved in the conflict. While interest analysis illuminates the motivations of individual conflict participants, the process of identifying the sources of conflict illuminates the features of the relationship among conflict participants that foster conflict. 2.1) Identify the primary source of the conflict. Poor Communicate When the party believes it is missing some important information, according to the management of the library website, conflicts may arise. When employees change, they have not been told, or whether some of the decisions taken, the staff feel should be involved, which can make the conflicts between employees and managers. Different communication styles can lead to misunderstandings between employees or between employee and manager. 2.2) Do you think the other party would agree about the primary source of the conflict? Why or why not? Agree, The lack of a large scale, such as between management and staff, as well as smaller individual employees can communicate in the workplace. If you communicate effectively often leads to conflict, which may damage the organization. Poor communication may be created in a variety of ways in conflict. Rumors and gossip Miscommunication led to the spread of rumors and gossip, this will lead to tensions between the employees. If management failed to resolve the speculation that the company might lay off, for example, rumors may spread to certain employees or departments will be eliminated. Morale may deteriorate speculation continues, employees fear that they will lose their jobs may be disgusted with what they think is a more solid foundation. 2.3) Identify any secondary sources of the conflict Personal relationships Good working environment can be a stressful place, which can worsen, began to develop the personal differences between employees. Workplace conflicts, the main reason of interpersonal relationships, especially counterproductive, because whether it is at home or in the office, which may cause problems. The professional employment mediator website Mediate.com some employees bring pressure from their family life, work, and this may lead to a conflict between the workers and management personnel. Some personal conflicts of the University of Colorado in the United States, when an employee is unable to accept individual differences, which may involve things such as race, color, gender, religion or ethnic background. All work environments are made up of differing personalities. Unless colleagues understand and accept each others approach to work and problem-solving, conflict will occur. No two people are exactly the same. Therefore, the personality conflicts in the workplace are inevitable. An employee may have a reserved personality, while another may be more outgoing and forward-looking. Problems, the two do not understand or do not respect each persons inner essence. For example, employees may feel more outgoing personality is more introverted workers contempt, if not more with him. He might think it is a very small, not only is the personality of the staff. In addition, his practice handling the project may be analytical, and she is intuitive. When the two do not understand and respect each others way, and conflict. 2.4) How did each dimension affect the way the participants approached the conflict? Poor teamwork Companies tend to rely on the team to complete special projects, and even conventional functions into one department. If the team members do not communicate with each other, it may not be very clear what the roles and responsibilities of each member must bear. Some tasks may overlap, while others may be completely ignored, leading to confusion and conflict between team members, and ultimately failed to achieve the target Organization There are many organizations, the source of the conflict. In most workplace hierarchy and the inability to resolve the conflict of interest is quite major. Power difference of heightened tensions in the labor / management supervisor / employees. Style differences between the regulatory authorities may lead to conflict. May work style clashed qualification / young and pay equity conflict. Conflict may arise distribution of the allocation of resources, responsibilities, workload and interests, different levels of risk tolerance, and different views of the accountability system. In addition, the differences in treatment between the potential or actual departments or groups of employees, conflict may arise. Suggested that such a source of conflict for a thorough review of the workplace. Similarly, surveys, interviews and focus groups can help to reveal the root causes of these conflicts. In addition, the root causes of organizational conflict can be predicted based on the best practices of similar organizations. All organizations have encountered this conflict. Can learn a lot of lessons, and similar organizations to study the root causes of this conflict. Different values Workplace by individuals who have their own point of view to see the world. Some employees have a strong belief; they are not willing to compromise. These beliefs can conflict with colleagues, resulting in conflict. For example, if a person is strongly opposed to diversity in the workplace, may be difficult to accept his other workers. In order to avoid conflict with these workers, he must try to accept or initiate more tolerant of those different values. Poor performance When one or more individuals in the work of the unit does not perform potential this is not a solution does not work, conflict is inevitable. External conflict Sources outside the organization can be a reason for conflict between the employees. Company to successfully carryout business, staff must always be with external entities. Must be engaged in third-party vendors to buy goods or services. In addition, the interaction between the client and the client to generate revenue. This transaction is unusual communication failure. If a cool head does not prevail when these things happen, misunderstandings can be upgraded into a major conflict. A business owner must identify and correct these challenges, the financial implications of the deterioration in relations with suppliers and customers can be great. Interpersonal conflict Most people spend more time at work than any other place. Therefore, she no doubt with her à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹colleagues. However, this close relationship may lead to conflict. Language or personality disorders, caused by poor communication between the between groups of employees may lead to malicious. In addition, the office politics, gossip and durable other forms of non-work-related interaction may lead to a serious quarrel. Harassment or discrimination allegations have serious legal consequences, in addition, public enterprise financial risk. Therefore, it is important that a business owner is aware of the conflict between the people as soon as possible, so it can be in a friendly way to solve. 3.0)Conclusion The above definition of a good software developer will not apply a few years ago. If we are not agile, probably any good encoder can be considered to be a good development. But we. Today the IT world needs good agile software developers to analyze problems and look at them from a broader perspective, commercialization, and a desire to work in a team. If not their IT projects agile development methods can cannot handle. In addition, the social conflict, actively seeking alternative response to reward, rather than negotiating their needs, rather than competition and cooperation are often the satisfaction of people who are willing to accommodate the trend. Managers and leaders often return to their aggression, control method, rather than taking a more compassionate to the public or their staff may seem less decisive. In other cases, who raised questions and concerns, even respectful soon be considered a problem customers or staff, they tend to avoid and reduce. In these methods, to resolve the conflict through negotiations held analog and highest respect. Finally, we should remember that the negotiating parties require profound courage: It takes courage to honestly and clearly explain your needs; it takes courage to sit down and listen to your opponent. It takes courage to look at their own role in the dispute with the thinking of other transposition awareness, openness, and respect their point of view, it takes courage. Collaborative approach, conflict management, the requirements of the moment we are engaged in dialogue, a deep and meaningful way, so it can be understood, if we tend to avoid such cases until negotiations conducive to balanced wisdom prompted.

Case Management Essay -- Health Care, Hospitals

Case Management Case management has become the standard method of managing health care delivery systems today. In recent decades, case management has become widespread throughout healthcare areas, professionals, and models in the United States; and it has been extended to a wide range of clients (Park & Huber, 2009). The primary goal of case management is to deliver quality care to patients in the most cost effective approach by managing human and material resources. The focus of this paper is on the concept of case management and how it developed historically, the definition of case management, the components of case management, and how it relates to other nursing care delivery models. History of Case Management The concept of Case management has was first introduced in the 1970’s by insurance companies as a way to monitor and control costly health insurance claims, commonly created by a catastrophic accident or illness (Jacob & Cherry, 2007). Today almost every major health care organization has a case management program managing and directing the use of health care services for their clients. Also, case management by payer organizations is recognized as external case management. Hospitals recognized the need for the case management model in the mid 1980’s to manage the lengths of stay of hospitalized patients and the treatment plans (Jacob & Cherry, 2007). In 1983, the Medicare prospective payment program was implemented which allowed hospitals to be reimbursed a set payment based on the patient’s diagnosis, or Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG), regardless of what treatment was provided or how long the patient was hospitalized (Jacob & Cherry, 2007). To keep the costs below the diagnosis related payment, hospitals ... ...ut supplements nursing care in a health care facility (Jacob & Cherry, 2007). For example, if a hospital’s medical-surgical unit uses a team nursing approach to patient care, a system of case management also might be in place to assist with coordinating the patient’s total care through discharge (Jacob & Cherry, 2007). Moreover, case management is not always necessary with every patient in a health care facility. Typically case management is generally reserved for the seriously ill or injured, chronically ill, and high cost cases (Jacob & Cherry, 2007). In brief, case managers are a unique segment of the healthcare workforce. They share the same goals and standards of practice but are multidisciplinary and have diverse academic educational backgrounds and work environments (Park & Huber, 2009). case management leads to better manage health of individuals. â€Æ'

Differences Between Leadership and Management

Beckhard elaborates about what leadership is like, drawing the line between this and that of management. Leadership has to do with change, enthusiasm and encouragement for the tasks, and influence. These three vital traits, each one linked with a specific function for leaders include:1) The imagination to innovate:   To promote innovation, successful leaders assist in cultivating novel view, the ideas, paradigm, and applications of expertise that makes an organization distinct. 2) The professionalism to perform: Leaders offer personal and organizational capability, assisted by personnel preparation and education, to implement impeccably and dispense worth to ever more difficult and exacting customers. 3) The openness to work in partnership: Leaders create associations and linkages with partners who can enlarge the organization's contact, improve its contributions, or strengthen its systems. Since an organization is composed of people, this leader knows a lot about human nature so h e can appropriately anticipate and adjust to various personalities (Beckhard, R. 1969).Mulhauser, Greg. Management Skills and Leadership Skills. Accessed February 27,2008. Mulhauser argues that there is no delineation line between management and leadership and the skills pertinent to the issue. Anchored on the theoretical perspective of Carl Rogers especially on the latter’s concepts like Acceptance, Authenticity and Empathic Listening, the author explores the development of these characteristics well into the individual manager or leader’s style which springs essentially from the person’s character.The author believes that many of the theories set forth on any of these two issues are defective simply because the fact remains that there is simply no distinction as to when leadership starts and ends and where management plays its role in the picture. The author puts forth practical situations and strategies to apply the theory or concept as posited by Carl Rogers . This is an important resource because few theorists effectively can succinctly communicate what leadership and management concepts are and how they are better applied in specific settings.Sullivan, Eleanor and Phillip J. Decker. 2005. Effective Leadership and Nursing Management in Nursing, with Student Video (4th Edition). Authors Sullivan and Decker, wrote a very effective communication piece in the 2005 book Effective Leadership and Nursing Management in Nursing.   Although there is no argument whether leadership is vastly different from management, it carries with it the idea that the practical application of the skills comes in two important aspects and that they are indispensable as well as distinct and inseparable.The authors identified that organizations are designed in their specific arrangements as they function and these are pertinent in how the people working in their specific areas are handled and led. The book is a great resource when specific situations (i.e., staf fing and recruiting, coaching and disciplining as well as issues as handling conflict and the workplace stress) that are common in the field of nursing and health care especially where the unique challenges are being faced by both administration and management and frontline staff in this particular field.Jaques, E. (2002). Social Power and the CEO: Leadership and Trust in a sustainable free enterprise system. Westport, Connecticut: Quorum Books in McMorland, Judith. 2005. â€Å"Are you big enough for your jobs? Is your job big enough for you? Exploring levels of work organizations. University of Auckland Business Review. Vol. 7, No.2.According to Dr. Jacques, there is actually no difference between these two terminologies (leadership and management) in the prime values that Dr. Elliot Jacques placed on every part of the organization and as he postulated in his stratified systems theory. When he called for the individual responsibility, he meant that whether the person in the spotli ght may be the rank and file individual or he happens to be the plant manager, the type of leadership that is seen is expressive of this core value.Management then implies the adoption of accountability and this summarily implies leadership knowing as mentioned in the preceding pages on influence and exercise of power, when a person exercises accountability, he actually exerts leadership; leading by example and it is fundamentally ethical and transferable. Management and leadership are seen then, as interchangeable essentials, and according to Dr. Jacques, the existence and continuity as well as the perpetuation of a successful team depend much on the kind of leadership exemplified in the theory he posited.Bruffee, Kenneth A. Collaborative Learning: Higher Education, Interdependence,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and the Authority of Knowledge. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1993.The author explains in prà ©cis the need for a more efficient, economical and equitab le management of the people in the industry or organization has never been as pronounced as it is today. This need has never been brought about by factors which inevitably affect not only the established structures and ways of doing things within the personnel area but also by the more meaningful and substantial task of managing the organization’s most important asset – the human capital. Among these factors are: stiffer competition in business; rapid changes in technological, competitive and economic environments; the explosion of technical and managerial knowledge; spiraling wage and benefits cost and so many others. These factors have no doubt been responsible for the emergence of the personnel function as a vital area in the implementation of corporate strategy.Demick, J. and Miller, P., Development in the Workplace, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Publishers, New Jersey, 1993.Demick and Miller places in context first what an organ ization is like and settles how it can affect behavior in general and when that is established, proceeded to explain leadership and management in this context. In organizational behavior which is basic to the management of human resource, it points to the inquiry and application of learning about how people, individuals, and groups perform, operate, and work in organizations. It accomplishes this by means of adopting a system approach. Explicitly, it infers people-organization affairs in terms of the entire person, group totality, complete organization, and total social structure. Its intention is to put up enhance relations by attaining human goals, organizational purposes, and social goals. In such a milieu, the goals to effect change are influenced by several significant factors which are crucial to the overall results. Hence, there are expected leadership behaviors that maintain momentum during the change process.

International Marketing Notes Essay

I. Chapter Summary * Due to the high time and cost investment in entering a new market, companies must be very sure that the market they are entering will be successful. Thus, they either conduct marketing research themselves, or hire secondary companies to research the market and possible outcomes for them. * Decisions of whether or not to conduct marketing research based on: time constraint, availability of data, and value for the company (benefits vs. costs) * In-Depth Marketing Research Process http://microlinks.kdid.org/good-practice-center/value-chain-wiki/backward-market-research-process * Problems researchers face in different countries: availability of research infrastructure, availability and quality of secondary data, comparability of data, language barriers, and culture specifics of consumers * Decisions between big international research agencies and local agencies: international agencies have standardized results across many countries, but local agencies can provide more relevant data * Types of Primary Research: * Quantitative: collection and analysis of quantifiable categories and questions; describes current market situation (i.e. multiple choice questions) * Qualitative: analyzes the background of the issue in more detail; explains motivation by using open-ended questions (i.e. focus groups) * Questionnaires: can be quantitative (ordinal and nominal scales) or qualitative (free answer) * Longitudinal Studies: respondent surveys conducted at various points in time, allowing analysis in changes over time (i.e. consumer scan) II. Key Terms and Concepts * Marketing Research: systematic and objective process of generating information to aid in making marketing decisions; concentrates on general characteristics of target market, specifics of marketing environment, analysis of competitors, and tests of marketing strategy * Stages of a Research Process: Problem definition Research designCollection of informationData processing and analysisPresentation of research report * Primary data: new data that must be collected during the process of marketing research; more costly yet more specific to topic of interest * Secondary data: data collected and published before, most often for other purposes than the current research objective; less costly, easier to obtain; (i.e. census) * Consumer scan: study of consumer purchasing behavior conducted continuously on the same sample of responding households * Retail panel: longitudinal research conducted in retail stores; data about changes in store layout, product placement, prices, and other relevant topics III. Discussion Topics 1. What are some advantages and disadvantages of conducting marketing research? 2. Provide a specific example of problems researchers face when they conduct marketing research outside their own country 3. Compare and classify the following questionnaire questions: * How frequently do you go to the grocery store per week? * Why do you go to Walmart? 4. What are the characteristics of a good interviewer? IV. Industry Examples and Questions 1. Example of bad questionnaire: Sociology Research Methods Questionnaire from Wisconsin University http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~jpiliavi/357/neuman.pdf * What makes these questions â€Å"bad†? * How can they be improved? 2. Case Study; JD (part of JD Sports Fashion PLC) Market Research Methods: * Exit surveys – carried out face-to-face with consumers as they leave the storepurpose of the survey is primarily to understand the reasons for visit, frequency of visit/purchase and reasons for and against purchase * â€Å"Shopping bag† survey – the JD research team monitors what carrier bags customers entering JD stores are carrying. This helps identify what other stores JD customers use and are spending money in; provides competitor insight and an idea of which retailers attract a similar customer profile to JD * On-site fieldwork – JD’s dedicated Site Research team invests significant time researching new locations. This involves defining the extent of a location’s catchment area, reviewing the presence and quality of the competition and assessing the pitch and visibility (i.e. how busy the area is) of a unit http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/jd-sports/using-market -research-to-support-decision-making/what-is-market-research.html 3. Coca Cola Great Britain’s Market Research Process: * Identify opportunityDoes it fit into existing product category? For what target? desk research * Explore solutionNew product? New design? Product extension? qualitative research using focus groups and in-depth interviews * Measure suitability/effectivenessEvaluate the relative appeal of alternative solutions in terms of meeting consumer requirementsQuantitative research through face-to-face, telephone/internet interviews * Test MarketTry out new product ideas in a â€Å"test† marketQuantitative research from participants in a test sample of consumers who physically live with the test product for a period of days; there are three stages: concept research, product attributes, and volume assessment * Track market performanceTracking the product’s success once it has been launched (i.e. by recording sales figures, numbers of people familiar with the product, etc)Quantified continuous rolling study with consumers and/or analysis of Electronic Point of Sale data http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/coca-cola-great-britain/using-market-research-to-develop-a-product-range/market-research.html * Compare and contrast the marketing research methods of JD and Coca Cola * Can any of the methods work for the other company? For example, Electronic Point of Sale for JD Sports Fashion?

What have been the recent challenges to Steinways value creation Essays

What have been the recent challenges to Steinways value creation Essays What have been the recent challenges to Steinways value creation Essay What have been the recent challenges to Steinways value creation Essay Essay Topic: Marketing Recent * Sustaining handcraft skill in piano design The age long competitive advantage for Steinway in its piano design would have to give way to a modern automated system for quick assembly and reduction in lead time. * Threats of close substitutes -such as the electronic keyboard, new design of personal computers etc as a form of entertainment is feared would erode Steinways market share and its perceive value. * Erosion of brand image The decision within the CBS years (1972-1985) to increase production levels and choice of other methods of marketing through competitor sales distribution outlets opens an opportunity for customers to question Steinways piano quality, uniqueness and perceived brand image. This resulted in declining sales and frequent order cancellations. The used pianos also pose an issue of how Steinway would hold well of its value creation at the customer end1. Relatively, Bostons piano introduction also further eroded Steinways piano; a middle-range product an advance from the traditional offerings. * Competition Strong competition stem from Yamaha and other Asian brand of piano2. These new designs were built on highly automated systems and had quick assembly time than Steinways with a two year manufacturing time. * Customer relations services The competitors are better at rendering a highly valued after sales checks and feedback from their customers than Steinway. There is a track record of begrudged customers who have made official complaints about Steinways service level; an example in the case study is famous pianist Andre Watts who turned to a competitor (Yamaha) purely on this basis. * Ownership Change The frequent acquisitions and ownership change is a great challenge and pproduct quality has become a concern. This would possibly give rise to the problem of continuance of corporate mission. Therefore, its necessary for Steinway to retain its leadership position to fully understand and make attempt to maintain the core competences and brand image for customer retention and loyalty3 What have been the recent challenges to Steinways Value Creation? Competition Main competitors are Yamaha the largest piano manufacturer in the world. Most pianos are vertical units 90% with small grand pianos making up the remaining 10%. Their production is based on highly automated systems resulting in quicker assembly than Steinway, where a grand piano takes 2 years to manufacture. To most users, other than classically trained pianists, Yamaha represents comparable quality to Steinway. After-sales service is also an issue the example in the case study is that of the famous pianist Andre Watts, who defected to Yamaha complaining of a lack of attention and support from Steinway. Brand dilution Steinway is the Rolls-Royce of the piano market. Throughout the CBS years (1972 1985), emphasis was placed on increasing levels of production. Critics began to question the quality of the pianos, and this filtered through to the customer. This ultimately led to a drop in sales and cancelled orders (at one point they had 740 boxed pianos left in stores awaiting shipment)! The release of the Boston piano, in 1992, by the Birmingham Brothers (1985-1995) was a major shift in Steinways brand. This piano is a mid-range product, representing a significant break from tradition.4 Perversely, Steinways quality has become a problem for them. Their pianos are so durable that the market for them is near saturation point. Second-hand units, that hold their value well5, are now competing with sales of new units.

Exporting Best Practices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Exporting Best Practices - Essay Example These are reactors capable of operating in order to sustain a managed, self-sustaining fission sequence reaction, and components and equipment specifically designed for use in relation with a nuclear reactor. Computers are another category of dual use commodities. Items included are high performance computers and specifically designed associated equipment, electronic assemblies and parts. These computers may include systolic array computers, optical computers and neural computers, digital computers and analog computers (Bureau of Industry and Security, 2012). The most excellent way of incorporating best exporting practices within the company and in association with freight forwarders would be to adopt and practice the best exporting practices, as outlined by the BIS. The following are the best exporting practices of dual use commodities subject to Export Administration Regulations. These practices will enable the exporter to manage the exports of nuclear reactors and computers. First, the company will pay keen attention to the Red Flags Indicators. The exporter will communicate these red flags throughout the company, to freight forwarders and foreign affiliates (Gustavus, 2012). The information will be communicated when the exporter rejects an order placed by a foreign client on the basis of red flags. The information will also be communicated, when a freight forwarder abruptly declines to offer export services, after obtaining information that the commodities for exports are subject to United States export regulations. The exporter and its foreigner partners will seek to use only those freight forwarders, which administer excellent export administration and acquiescence programs. The company will obtain detailed information in order to know their clients, especially foreign customers. The information will enable the company to evaluate the risk of diversion and involvement in a forbidden transaction. This information will enable the company to

The Childhood Phase of a Person Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Childhood Phase of a Person - Essay Example The childhood phase of a person is developed through his activities in a school. The major part of the childhood of a person is spent in the schools. The preliminary and secondary schools are the basic foundations on which the overall values, goals, and personality of a person are developed. However, special care must be taken by the schools as organizations to foster the well-being and safety of the children attending their schools. The transition from one school to another may be a new experience for the children which involves stress and requires adjustment on the part of the children1. A transition phase encompasses the loss of old friendships formed in the schools and finding their place in a new environment. These may add to the worry of the children when joining a new school. The adjustment of the children in the new environments should also be supported by the schools so that the children can deal with the stress and imbalances associated with the transition process. The spor ts activities and social activities in secondary schools can support the children to become adjusted and involved in the new environment easily. Also, the people at home may also be helpful in guiding and supporting the children in adapting to the transition process more easily. Managing the emotional and physical health of children is necessary to ensure that they do not succumb to the stress caused by the transition phase. Schools not only play an influential role in the learning and development of children but they are equally important in developing hygienic concerns and healthy outlooks from the early years of the children. The schools play important roles in shaping up the good habits of the children with respect to hygiene, health, and safety.